Impact of Pregnancy and Glucocorticoid Treatment on NF-κB and MUC5AC in Mucosa of Rat Larynx
Section snippets
INTRODUCTION
Larynx comes to be known as a secondary sexual organ. Receptors of sex hormones have been shown in laryngeal mucosa.1 Besides, it has been revealed that fluctuation of sex hormone levels due to particular physiologic, pathologic, or iatrogenic conditions may lead explicit changes in quality of voice.2, 3, 4, 5 But, the exact underlying biomolecular and histochemical changes relevant to voice alterations with regard to sex hormones have not been studied thoroughly.
Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)
Animals
This study was performed in Experimental Animals Research and Application Center of Manisa Celal Bayar University in accordance with the accepted policy on the use of animals. All the procedures were approved by the institutional Animal Ethics Committee.
A total of 30 young, adult (8–12 week old) Wister albino female rats weighing 200–220 g were enrolled into the study. All rats were fed ad libitum and housed at room temperature (22 ± 2°C) on a 12 hours light-dark cycle. All experiments were
PCR and ELISA
A total of 30 Wister albino female rats were included into the experiment (10 control, 10 pregnant, 10 steroid administered). The mean relative expression of mRNA coding for NF-κB of group A, B, and C was; 2.09 ± 0.71, 1.18 ± 0.47, and 0.97 ± 0.28, respectively. The mean relative expression of mRNA coding for MUC5AC of group A, B, and C was; 0.17 ± 0.15, 0.53 ± 0.22, and 1.47 ± 1.03, respectively. The mean serum E2 levels of group A, B and, C was; 21.95 ± 1.35 pg/mL, 73.59 ± 3.18 pg/mL, and
DISCUSSION
It is has been long known that pregnant women suffer from dysphonia to a certain extent.19 Some studies utilizing objective voice analyses support this phenomenon.20, 21, 22, 23 These voice changes can be linked to anatomical alterations (increased level of diaphragm, increased circumference of chest, and widened subcostal angle) and histological changes of laryngeal mucosa which is known to be affected by some hormones.24 During pregnancy, levels of certain hormones (human placental lactogen,
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, the physiological expression of NF-κB and MUC5AC in rat laryngeal mucosa was shown for the first time both by PCR and Immunohistochemistry. The impact of pregnancy and glucocorticoid treatment on the expression and distribution of these biomolecules was also revealed. The expression of NF-κB was found to be decreased while the expression of MUC5AC was found to be increased by pregnancy and as well as by glucocorticoid treatment. Besides, the inhibitory effect of serum PG on NF-κB
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
REFERENCES (39)
- et al.
Immunohistochemical searching for estrogen and PG receptors in women vocal fold epithelia
Braz J Otorhinolaryngol
(2008) - et al.
Menstrual cycle, vocal performance, and laryngeal vascular appearance: an observational study on 17 subjects
J Voice
(2018) - et al.
From the ranks of mammary progesterone mediators, RANKL takes the spotlight
Mol Cell Endocrinol
(2012) - et al.
Glucocorticoid ligands specify different interactions with NF-kappaB by allosteric effects on the glucocorticoid receptor DNA binding domain
J Biol Chem
(2004) - et al.
Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method
Methods
(2001) - et al.
Effect of pregnancy on the speaking voice
J Voice
(2009) - et al.
Acoustic and aerodynamic measures of the voice during pregnancy
J Voice
(2015) - et al.
Inhaled corticosteroids: hazardous effects on voice-an update
J Voice
(2007) - et al.
At the crossroads: mucosal immunology of the larynx
Mucosal Immunol
(2009) - et al.
The prognostic value of sex hormone receptors expression in laryngeal carcinoma
Tissue Cell
(2019)
Negative interaction between the RelA(p65) subunit of NF-kappaB and the progesterone receptor
J Biol Chem
Regulatory effects of estriol on T cell migration and cytokine profile: inhibition of transcription factor NF-kappa B
J Neuroimmunol
The p65 subunit of NF-κB inhibits COL1A1 gene transcription in human dermal and scleroderma fibroblasts through its recruitment on promoter by protein interaction with transcriptional activators (c-Krox, Sp1, and Sp3)
J Biol Chem
Voice characteristics associated with polycystic ovary syndrome
Laryngoscope
Self-perception of voice in transgender persons during cross-sex hormone therapy
Laryngoscope
Vocal range in the speech of users of low-dose oral contraceptives
J Voice
Mucin 5 subtype AC expression and upregulation in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis rats
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
Introduction to NF-kappaB: players, pathways, perspectives
Oncogene
A role for transcription factor NF-kappaB in autoimmunity: possible interactions of genes, sex, and the immune response
Adv Physiol Educ
Cited by (3)
Role of VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors in the etiology of pregnancy rhinitis: an experimental study in rats
2022, Brazilian Journal of OtorhinolaryngologyCitation Excerpt :The following morning vaginal smears of female rats were examined for sperm existence. We accept the observation of sperm as the day 0 of the gestation as described before.27–29 The first 10 rats with negative and 10 rats with positive vaginal smear were chosen from among 32 rats as the control group (Group A) and the pregnant group (Group B), respectively.
The Role of TREK-1 and AQP5 in Gonadocorticoid-Related Voice Disorders
2022, Journal of VoiceCitation Excerpt :Similar voice alterations have been documented in some other physiological or pathological conditions in which sex hormone levels fluctuate.5,6 But there are very few studies which analyze sex hormone-induced histochemical and biomolecular changes in vocal cord mucosa.1,7-9 TWIK-related potassium channel-1 (TREK-1) is one of the subfamilies of mechano-gated K+ channels.
Methodological Approaches for Vocal Folds Experiments in Laryngology: A Scoping Review
2022, Journal of Voice